Wed, Mar 27, 2024

The Kroll Lens: Monitoring Class Action Settlements—2024, Volume IX

In Volume 9 of Kroll’s Class Action Lens, we look at cases addressing benefits to the class, settlement approval and late filed claims.
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Disclaimer: Please note that the content below is intended to report on class action decisions and Kroll’s Settlement Administration practice may not have been involved with these cases.

Benefit to the Class

Caldwell v. UnitedHealthcare Ins. Co.,

No. 19-cv-02861, 2023 WL 8879257 (N.D. Cal. Dec. 22, 2023) (Alsup, J.)

A class of surgery patients in an Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) action sought to recover health benefits that had been categorically denied. The parties later settled. After the Court initially denied preliminary approval, the matter progressed, and the Court ultimately granted final approval.

In determining whether to grant final approval of the settlement, the Court analyzed the agreement under Rule 23€ and the factors identified by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals’ 2004 decision in Churchill Village, LLC v. General Electric. The Court first looked at objections by class members. One objection dealt with unique issues that were not within the scope of the class, such as individual class members' financial hardship.

Another objection contended that the attorneys were profiting without merit, but the Court noted that its order would lay out the fees to be paid to attorneys. Finally, the Court found that certain objections dealt with claims not asserted in the instant case.

After ruling on attorneys’ fees and costs generally, the Court examined the question of the benefit to the class. The Court noted that since the settlement was based upon future relief as a result of the settlement, while that benefit was likely to materialize, it had not yet done so. On that basis, the Court preliminarily awarded a portion of the sought attorneys’ fee and instructed counsel to provide an update to the Court later in the year on the number of class members who have since obtained a benefit provided by the settlement, at which point the Court would consider adjusting the fee award.

Settlement Approval

Harbour v. California Health & Wellness Plan,

No. 5:21-cv-03322, 2024 WL 171192 (N.D. Cal. Jan. 16 2024) (Davila, J.)

A class of patients commenced an action against health providers and database servicers for breach of privacy rights after a data breach. The parties reached a settlement, which was conditionally approved. Notice had been issued in five rounds via email or by postcard to approximately 90% of the 1.4 million potential class members, pursuant to which 2.3% of the class (approximately 31,551) filed claims. Plaintiffs sought final approval of the settlement, which the Court granted.

Reasoning in support of its decision, the Court briefly reviewed its basis for certification and found the numerous Plaintiff claims to be typical to each other, falling under the same common injury suffered, and with no conflict to Plaintiffs’ interests. Common questions would predominate, and the class action was held as superior for economic reasons. Accordingly, the Court found all factors for certification were satisfied.

Turning next to the adequacy of notice, the Court found the method of notice was the best practicable under the circumstances and was reasonably calculated to apprise the class of the settlement and their rights.

The Court then looked at reasonableness under the Ninth Circuit's Churchill factors. The Court found that there was little guarantee of benefit without substantial litigation, and that this type of case involved high risk in terms of its complexity and proof standards, as well as in maintaining class certification against potential challenges. The Court also found the award amount compared favorably to similar actions, and that discovery had only proceeded enough to confirm the settlement's reasonableness. Furthermore, the Court found (1) class counsel was experienced, (2) there were no government objections under CAFA and (3) the reaction of the class was positive, without any objection and only 29 requests for exclusion. As such, the Court found these factors favored settlement approval.

Turning next to signs of collusion under the Ninth Circuit jurisprudence, the Court found no evidence of conflicts of interest or any subtle signs of collusion. There had been arms’-length negotiation with experienced counsel, and no agreement with Defendant as to fees. Therefore, the Court found the settlement to be reasonable. Along similar lines, the Court approved counsel’s request for fees in the amount of 25% of the fund.

Late Filed Claims

Woodard v. Navient Solutions, LLC,

No. 23-cv-301, 2024 WL 94468 (D. Neb. Jan. 9 2024) (Rossiter, J.)

A class of student loan borrowers brought suit against loan servicers, alleging unlawful attempts to collect on private loans dischargeable in bankruptcy. After reaching settlement, Plaintiff sought final approval. Plaintiff also moved the Court to accept 123 claims that were filed in the weeks after the filing deadline, representing $597,000 in additional damages to be included in the settlement. The Court granted the request.

The Court found that the Rule 23 requirements of numerosity, commonality, typicality, adequacy, predominance and superiority were satisfied. The Court then turned to the late-filed claims, noting generally that it retains equitable power to manage settlements and could accept untimely claims upon a showing of excusable neglect. Various reasons had been proffered for this untimeliness, including difficulties faced with effectuating notice due to change of addresses or spam filters, or claimants’ attempts to verify their claim amounts in time. The Court found this warranted late acceptance and reasoned that there was a low risk of prejudice to Defendants due to the lack of objections and low increase in damages. Furthermore, the delay was less than a month and caused no interruption to proceedings, and the Court found late-filers had acted promptly and in good faith.


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